Which term describes the method of identifying a specific device on a network through a unique value?

The term that describes the method of identifying a specific device on a network through a unique value is addressing. In networking, addressing refers to the process of assigning unique identifiers, typically in the form of IP addresses or MAC addresses, to devices connected to a network. This unique value allows for precise communication between devices, ensuring that data sent across the network reaches the intended recipient without confusion.

Addressing is crucial for the functionality of network protocols, as it enables routers and switches to direct traffic appropriately. Each device must have a distinct identifier to avoid conflicts and maintain efficient data flow. This concept is foundational in network design and management, as it helps in segmenting networks and ensuring that devices can interact seamlessly within their respective networks.

In contrast, routing involves determining the best path for data packets to travel across a network, while switching refers to the process of forwarding data between devices on the same local area network based on MAC addresses. Networking is a broader term encompassing the overall architecture and design of interconnected devices, including protocols, hardware, and addressing schemes.