What protocol is primarily responsible for error detection and correction in the Transport layer?

The Transport layer in the OSI model is responsible for providing reliable data transfer between systems. TCP, or Transmission Control Protocol, is primarily responsible for error detection and correction in this layer. It achieves this by implementing a series of mechanisms, such as checksums for error detection and acknowledgments for ensuring the delivery of packets. If a packet is found to be corrupted or lost during transmission, TCP can retransmit the data, thereby ensuring reliability in the communication process.

TCP also establishes a connection-oriented communication channel, which is essential for managing the sequence of packet delivery, flow control, and overall integrity of the data stream. This level of communication reliability makes TCP suitable for applications where data integrity is crucial, such as web browsing, email, and file transfers.

In contrast, other options like UDP (User Datagram Protocol) do not provide such guarantees. While UDP is faster due to its connectionless nature, it lacks the sophisticated error recovery and correction mechanisms that TCP offers. IP (Internet Protocol) focuses on addressing and routing packets rather than reliability, and HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) operates at a higher layer, relying on TCP for transport. Therefore, TCP is the correct choice for the protocol responsible for error detection and correction in the Transport layer.