What is the primary consideration when deciding to overclock a CPU?

The primary consideration when deciding to overclock a CPU is to check if overclocking is supported. This is crucial because not all CPUs are designed to be overclocked. Some processors, such as those in Intel's K series or certain AMD Ryzen models, come with unlocked multipliers, allowing users to increase the clock speed safely. If a CPU is not designed for overclocking, attempting to do so could lead to system instability, overheating, or even permanent damage to the hardware.

While factors such as having a proper cooling solution or following manufacturer guidelines are important for maintaining system stability and performance during the overclocking process, they become relevant only after confirming that the CPU can be overclocked in the first place. If the hardware doesn't support it, then no amount of cooling or proper instructions will make overclocking a viable option.