What is commonly referred to as the brain of the computer?

The CPU, or Central Processing Unit, is commonly referred to as the brain of the computer because it is the primary component responsible for executing instructions and processing data. It performs calculations and logical operations that are fundamental to running applications and the operating system. The CPU interprets and processes instructions from the computer's memory, making it the central unit that directs the other components.

In contrast, while the GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) handles rendering images and videos, it does not manage all types of processing within the computer. RAM (Random Access Memory) serves as temporary storage for data that the CPU needs to access quickly, but it does not perform processing functions itself. The motherboard acts as the main circuit board connecting all components together, but it does not carry out processing tasks. Thus, the CPU’s role as the core processing unit makes it the most accurate answer to this question.