Is ROM volatile or non-volatile?

The correct answer is that ROM is non-volatile. This means that data stored in Read-Only Memory (ROM) is retained even when the power is turned off. Non-volatile memory is crucial for storing firmware and system-level instructions that are essential for booting and running the computer, as it ensures that this information is preserved between power cycles.

In contrast, volatile memory, like RAM, loses its data when power is removed, which is why it is unsuitable for storing crucial system information. The term "partially volatile" does not accurately describe ROM since it is entirely non-volatile by nature. Similarly, referring to ROM as "temporary" would imply that it does not retain information long-term, which is misleading, as ROM is designed to maintain its contents indefinitely under normal conditions.