How does UTF8 allow us to store a character?

UTF-8 is a variable-length character encoding that allows for the representation of characters from multiple languages and symbol sets. It uses one to four bytes to encode a character, enabling the efficient storage of characters in a way that is adaptable to a wide range of languages and scripts.

In many cases, basic Latin characters can be stored using just one byte, while characters outside of this range, such as those from other languages or certain special symbols, may require two, three, or even four bytes. This characteristic of UTF-8 means it can efficiently store a very large array of characters, making it extremely flexible and widely used on the web and in various software systems.

A fixed-length string or storing characters solely as binary numbers would not provide this flexibility. Fixed-length strings would limit the types of characters that could be represented because they would require a uniform amount of storage for every character, which is not practical for the vast number of characters used globally. Storing characters in a single byte would restrict the encoding to only 256 characters, which is insufficient for many of the world's writing systems. Thus, the ability to allow more than one byte for character storage is essential for comprehensive text representation in diverse languages.